Useful DOS Commands For Computer Technicians

Microsoft Windows hasn't natively used DOS since the days of Windows98. However, for a computer technician DOS commands are still very useful.

#Networking:
ipconfig- Windows IP Configuration
what your current IP is and what subnet/gateway you are on.

ping : Check a connection or computer
To check the health of a connection. It will tell whether a network device is responding and how fast it is running.

tracert : Used to show several details about the path that a packet takes from the computer or device you're on to whatever destination you specify.
tracert 192.168.1.1

netstat -an: Display current ICP/IP connections
will display what connections are currently active on the system.Useful for spotting programs calling back to base such a spyware.

nslookup: Find the IP Address associated with a domain
nslookup balaram.com.np

#File Management

type: Open text files
eg. type c:\readme.txt

attrib : Make hidden files visible
attrib -H c:\boot.ini - to unhide
attrib -S c:\boot.ini - to remove its system file attribute

Find - Advanced file search
dir c:\ /s/b | find ".pdf"

move -  Move files
move file.txt c:\textfiles\
move *.pdf c:\workpdfs\

xcopy / e/c/h/y - copy all files in this and all subdirectories, create subs if they don't exist even if they're empty, dont's stop on errors, copy system and hidden files, and don't confirm file copy/replace. Useful when the GUI lets you down ( and impressive to watch - the computer looks really busy!)

tree - View the tree structure
tree > textfile.txt

#System
Systeminfo - Display Information about the system

tasklist/taskkill - Show what programs are running on the computer and can kill them
tasklist - will display all the processes running and their memory usage.
taskkill - will kill a process. eg. taskkill firefox.exe

sfc - lunches windows system file checker utility
sfc / scannow - This command will start scanning your computer ofr any damaged or missing windows system files.

chkdsk - Can check a disk and attempt to recover data in bad sectors.
chkdsk /f/r - this will check a disk for erors and try a fixes information for bad sectors
chkdsk /x - Forces the volume to dismount first.

shutdown  - Restart the computer
shutdown /s/t 0 : Performs a regular shutdown
shutdown /r/t 0 : Restart the computer
shutdown /r/o : Restarts the computer into advanced options.

How to Fix Application Unable to Start Correctly Error (0xc000007b)

If you see this error message: 'The application was unable to start correctly' it's probably because you're trying to run a game or program and there's something wrong. Below we have a variety of methods you can follow to fix it:

1. Restart your computer

2. Update .NET framework

3. Enable Administrator rights : Try running the game or application with admin rights. To do that, right click on the shortcut or the actual executable for the game, select Properties and open the Compatibility tab. Tick the 'Run this program as an administrator' box, and click on OK.

4. Reinstall the app or game : You can also try re-installing the game or program you're trying to run - simple but sometimes very effective.

5. Update Windows :Update Windows. In many cases Windows will automatically update, but to check, head to Control Panel and search for 'Windows Update'. 

6. Run ChkDsk 7 & sfc /scannow : In the CMD window type "chkdsk c: /f /r". If it is system drive, it will ask you to schedule it for next boot. When you restart, it will do a check before get to the login screen. Partitions.
"scf /scannow" scan for and restore corrupt windows system files.

7. Reinstall DirectX : Reinstall DirectX. The way to do this depends on your version of Windows and which version of DirectX you need. 

Share your Android WiFi connection via Bluetooth

Share your Android WiFi connection via Bluetooth to Computer or Android

Connect internet from Computer to Android or Android to Computer using Bluetooth Tethering. No need for any PC suite or USB cable to connect and access internet in PC or laptop. Tethering is one of the feature of Android mobile, which makes it possible. Tethering means actually we can share the internet connection of mobile phone with other device using WiFi connectivity, USB connectivity or Bluetooth. Below are the steps to connect internet with Bluetooth tethering, but before implement the steps, ensure that your computer or laptop should have Bluetooth device with installed Bluetooth driver and is functioning properly.

Share WiFi over Bluetooth

First of all, you need to connect your Samsung mobile phone to Wi-Fi . Then follow the following steps as shown in picture.

 1. Setting > > Connections >> Tethering and portable hotspot.

 2. Just Turn on Bluetooth tethering option.

Enable the Bluetooth tethering option by ticking the box. You'll see a warning that Bluetooth visibility needs to be adjusted.
3. Bluetooth>> Visible to all nearby option.

Now move on to your computer or laptop to make couple of steps. Open control panel >> Select Devices and printer >> Add your Bluetooth enabled android device, by pressing Add Devices button appearing in the above of window bar.

Last step. Choose your recently added Mobile then right click on it, where you can see the option to Connect using >> Access point. Once you clicked it, you are ready to go to access internet in few seconds in your Personal computer from your mobile device.

Windows 10 keyboard shortcuts

Windows 10's new keyboard shortcuts

Window Snapping 

• Windows Key + Left – Snap current window to the left side of the screen.
• Windows Key + Right – Snap current window the the right side of the screen.
• Windows Key + Up – Snap current window to the top of the screen.
• Windows Key + Down – Snap current window to the bottom of the screen.

Task View / Window Management 

• Windows Key + Tab – This opens the new Task View interface, and it stays open — you can release the keys. Only windows from your current virtual desktop will appear in the Task View list, and you can use the virtual desktop switcher at the bottom of the screen to switch between virtual desktops.
• Alt + Tab – This isn’t a new keyboard shortcut, and it works just like you’d expect it to. Pressing Alt+Tab lets you switch between your open Windows. Tap Tab again to flip between windows and release the keys to select a window. Alt+Tab now uses the new Task View-style larger thumbnails. Unlike Windows Key + Tab, Alt + Tab lets you switch between open windows on all virtual desktops.

 Virtual Desktops

• Windows Key + Ctrl + D – Create a new virtual desktop and switch to it
• Windows Key + Ctrl + F4 – Close the current virtual desktop.
• Windows Key + Ctrl + Left / Right – Switch to the virtual desktop on the left or right.

Command Prompt

 

Copying and Pasting Text / Ctrl Key Shortcuts

• Ctrl + V or Shift + Insert – Pastes text at the cursor.
• Ctrl + C or Ctrl + Insert – Copies the selected text to the clipboard.
• Ctrl + A – Select all text in the current line if the line contains text. If it’s an empty line, select all text in the Command Prompt.

 Selecting Text / Shift Key Shortcuts

• Shift + Left / Right / Up / Down – Moves the cursor left a character, right a character, up a line, or down a line, selecting the text along the way. Continue pressing arrow keys to select more text.
• Ctrl + Shift + Left / Right – Moves the cursor one word to the left or right, selecting that word along the way.
• Shift + Home / End – Moves the cursor to the beginning or end of the current line, selecting text along the way.
• Shift + Page Up / Page Down – Moves the cursor up or down a screen, selecting text.
• Ctrl + Shift + Home / End – Moves the cursor to the beginning or end of the “screen buffer,” selecting all text between the cursor and the beginning or end of the Command Prompt’s output.

 More Shortcuts

• Ctrl + Up / Down – Moves one line up or down in the Command Prompt’s history — it’s like using the scroll bar.
• Ctrl + Page Up / Page Down – Moves one page up or down in the Command Prompt’s history — it’s like scrolling even farther.
• Ctrl + M – Enter “mark mode,” which helps for selecting text. Previously, the only way to do this was by right-clicking in the Command Prompt and selecting Mark. Thanks to the new Shift key shortcuts, this mode is no longer as important.
• Ctrl + F – Opens a Find dialog for searching the Command Prompt’s output.
• Alt + F4 – Closes the Command Prompt window.

Record a video of an app in win 10

 

Windows 10’s new Game DVR function is supposed to be used for recording video evidence of your most glorious gaming moments, but it’ll actually let you create videos of any open app or desktop software (though not OS-level areas like File Explorer or the desktop).

To summon it, simply press Windows key + G. A prompt will ask you if you want to open the Game bar. Lie your butt off and click the “Yes, this is a game box” and various options will appear in a floating bar. Simply click the circular Record button to capture a video. You can find your saved videos in the Game DVR section of the Xbox app, or inside your user folder under Video > Captures.

Windows 8 Keyboard Shortcuts You Should Know

1. Getting around Windows 8 Start Screen and Desktop
Win	Toggle between Desktop and Start Screen (or open Apps)
Ctrl+Tab	On Start Screen: Switch Between Start Window and All Apps Window
Win, then Ctrl+Tab	Open All Apps Window
Win, then start typing App Name	Search and execute Apps
Escape	Close Start Screen and go to Desktop
Win+E	Run Explorer on Desktop
Win+R	Execute Run on Desktop
Win+X	Open Power User Commands on Desktop
Alt+F4	Shutdown Windows
Win+L	Lock Computer
Win+F1	Open Windows Help

2. Windows 8 Charme Shortcuts
Tip: Pressing Escape typically closes most Charme menus.
Win+C	Open Windows Charme. Use arrow keys and enter to select item. Press
Win+Q	Search Charme / last search option
Win+F	Search Files
Win+W	Search Windows Settings
Win+I	Open Settings including Desktop, Control Panel, Personalization, PC Info, Help
Win+H	Share Charme
Win+K	Device Charme
Win+S	Search Settings
Win+F	Search Files
Win+Z	Show Options / App Bar in current Metro Apps if available.

3. Switch between Apps and Windows
Alt+Tab and Alt+Shift+Tab	Cycle between all Windows and Apps. Press and hold Alt key before pressing Tab. Release Tabon Window/App you want to open. While tabbing, add Shift to key combination to go backwards.
Ctrl+Alt+Tab then Arrow Keys	Cycle between open Apps without having to keep Alt pressed. Press keys once, then use Arrowkeys and Enter to select Window/App.
Win+Tab and Win+Shift+Tab	Same as Alt+Tab, but only includes Apps only, not Windows on Desktop
Ctrl+Win+Tab, then Arrow keys	Same as Ctrl+Alt+Tab, but only includes Apps, not Desktop Windows

4. Power User Commands Shortcuts
These are also listed in the Power User Command Window. Sorted by their (subjective) importance.
Win+X, P	Control Panel
Win+X, T	Task Manager
Win+X, E	File Explorer (alternative: Win+e)
Win+X, R	Run (alternative: Win+r)
Win+X, D	Desktop (alternative: Win+d)
Win+X, F	Programs and Features
Win+X, C	Command Prompt
Win+X, A	Elevated Command Prompt (Admin)
Win+X, Y	System Information
Win+X, M	Device Manager
Win+X, G	Computer Management
Win+X, B	Mobility Center
Win+X, O	Power Options
Win+X, V	Event Viewer
Win+X, K	Disk Management
Win+X, S	Search

5. Managing Windows 8 Desktop Windows
Win	Go to desktop / switch between Desktop and Start Screen or Apps
Win+Arrow Up	Maximize Window across screen
Win+Arrow Down	Minimize Window (if Restored) or set Window to Restored (if Maximized)
Win+Shift+Arrow Up	Maximixe Window vertically
Win+Arrow Right/Arrow Left	Move Window to left/center/right. Works across multiple monitors
Win+Shift+Arrow Right/ Arrow Left"	Move window to left monitor / to right monitor when using multiple monitors
Alt+Space	Opens the title bar menu
F11	Turn full page view on or off
Alt+Q	Close Window

6. Windows 8 Taskbar
Win+T	Go to first item in Taskbar, continue with arrow keys
Win+B	Go to first item in System Tray
Shift+click on a taskbar item	Start new instance of Taskbar item
Ctrl+Shift+click on a taskbar item	Start new instance of Taskbar item as administrator
Shift+right-click on a taskbar item	Show the window menu for the program
Win+1...9	Switch to application in position N on Taskbar (or launch pinned application)
Shift+Win+1...9	Start new instance of taskbar item in position N on Taskbar
Unfortunately, Microsoft removed the possibility to select multiple taskbar items in Windows 7 (and did still not re-introduce in Windows 8)

7. Navigating Desktop
Arrow Keys	Navigate between and select single icons on desktop (when focus is on the desktop)
Home/End	Select first / select last object on desktop
Enter	Launch active object
Shift+F10	Activate context menu of active icon by simulates right mouse button. Once in the context menu usearrow keys, a-z and enter to select item
Tab, Shift+Tab on empty desktop	Navigate between desktop, the quick-launch bar, task bar and notification bar. Then use arrow keysand enter or space to activate specific icons
A, B, C, ...	Pressing the initial letter of the name of any objects will highlight the respective application or folder. Continue typing the object name if multiple objects start with the same letter

8. Windows  Explorer Basics
Win+E	Start Windows Explorer
Alt+Arrow Up	Go up one folder
Alt+Arrow Left/ Alt+Arrow Right	Go to previous folder / go to next folder
Tab/Shift+Tab	Switch focus forward/ backward between Address bar, Search Bar, Toolbar, Navigation Pane, and File List (Default is usually File List)
Alt+D or F4	Jump to the Address bar and select absolute address. Copy address with ctrl+c if desired
Ctrl+E or Ctrl+F	Jump to Search Box in Explorer
Ctrl+N	Open new instance of Windows Explorer
F11	Toggle full-screen mode
Navigate File List and Navigation Pane
Arrow Keys	Navigate between files and folders
Enter	Open folder or start application
Home/End	Jump to first / jump to last item
F2	Change the file name of active item
F2, then Arrow Left/ Arrow Right	Move one character to the left / to the right in item name
F2, then Ctrl+ Arrow Left/Arrow Right	Jump one word to the left / to the right of item name
F2, then Home /End	Jump to beginning / jump to end of item name
F2, then Ctrl+A	Select all/ complete object name including suffix (default excludes suffix)
Arrow Left/Arrow Right	Expand folder / collapse folder (navigation pane only)

File List Views
Alt+P	Display or hide Preview Pane
Alt+V then D	View details. Check View menu for more options
Alt+V then X	View extra-large icons. Check View menu for more options
Ctrl+mouse scroll wheel	Change size of icons

Select Items in File List and Navigation Pane
Shift+Arrow Up/ Arrow Down	Select multiple adjacent items (directly above or below)
Ctrl with Arrow keys and Space	Select multiple non-adjacent items. Hold ctrl, use arrow keys to move to next item, and pressspace to add/remove from selection
Ctrl+A	Select all
A ...Z and 1..9	Press the initial letter any item to jump to it. Continue typing the full name if multiple items start with the same letter
Manage Items in Explorer
Ctrl+C, ctrl+X, ctrl+V	Copy, Cut, Paste
Ctrl+Z	Undo an action
Ctrl+Y	Redo an action
Delete	Delete an item and place it into the Recycle Bin
Shift+Delete	Delete an item permanently without placing it into the Recycle Bin
Shift+F10	Activate context menu of active object. Replaces the right mouse button. Once in the context menu use arrow keys, a-z and enter to get to the selection
Ctrl+Shift+N	Create new folder
Alt+Enter	Open Properties dialog box

9. The Rest
Win+U	Open Ease of Access Center
Win+P	Projector or second screen settings.
Alt+Shift	Change keyboard language layout if multiple language layouts are active*

Repair Windows Xp Without Installing CD

Click on START and then RUN.
Type webfldrs.msi
This will start the process to repair your windows problems.
Follow the instructions.
In next screen, choose SELECT REINSTALL MODE.
A new window will appear.
Put check marks on all the options and click OK.
This will take few minutes
When the process will complete, it will ask for RESTART your pc
Just Restart your computer and you will be amazed that you have fixed the problems without having BOOTABLE or INSTALLATION CD.

Troubleshoot computer problems with games

Computer’s are like a very important part of our life. Now a days, everything is done on computer as computers eliminates the manual work.  Some of the people use computer’s to play online games such as jackpot games, sports games etc. but it’s not necessary that one computer online game which is running perfectly on one computer also running properly on another computer.

Every computer has its own hardware and software specification. So, sometimes a little error in computer could also lead a very big problem in your computers but now it’s very easy to troubleshoot that problem and fix it by making a few adjustments in your system. Some of  technological society provides troubleshoot training like IEEE computer society.  You have to take care of few things which are listed below.

Minimum system requirements: please always check the minimum system requirement to play any games on your system. If your computer doesn’t meet these entire requirements then you can’t play that online game in your system.

Check the resolution: Before starting any game on your system, always check the best suites the screen resolution for that game and then adjustment the settings of your computer according to that.

Clean games CD or DVD: if you’re playing any games on your system that requires disk to be inserted, then make sure that CD’s and DVD’s are properly cleaned and free from dust as sometimes dust on the CD’s and DVD’s could also cause the games to run improperly. So, always take a soft cloth not a hard one to clean your CD and then try to play that CD in your system.

Reinstall the game: if you are facing any errors while playing any games on your system like system files corrupting or missing then try to reinstall the games in your system.

Computer ATX SMPS Test

SMPS( Power Supply) checking method:

Step 1: Cabinet open the SMPS all connection remove it.

Step 2: ATX SMPS can be checked by short circuit the green and black wires.

Step 3: After short Green and black cable:
              If SMPS fan working that mean's i't ok.
              If SMPS fan not working that mean's it problem.

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